Method for use in the manufacture of shoes



N. A. MONFILS 2,22 7,45?

METHOD FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOES 7 Filed Sept. 6, 1938 5Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 7, 1941.

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METHOD FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOES Filed pt. 6, 1953 sSheets-Sheet 2 22 isam 94 192 I :l- I I 0 98 140 138 7 2 7 2a 774 {a776, Q & 2 {'92 80 BB 1192 Fig.5

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METHOD FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOES Filed Sept. 6, 1938 5Sheets-Sheet z j W 9 1m W m 178 182 mm m W 150 Law ?M i .QAWW

Jami.n 7, 1941. N A M N 2,227,457

METHOD FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SHOES Filed Sept. 6, 1938 5Sheets-Sheet 4 2% m 88 98 09 212 BM 1941- N. A. MONFILS 2,227,457

METHOD FOR USE INTHE MANUFACTURE OF SHOES Filed Sept. 6, 1938 5Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Jan. 7, 1941 PATENT UFFKQ METHUD FQR USE IN THEMANUFACTURE OF SHOES Jersey Application September 6, 1938, Serial No.228,469

8 Claims.

This invention relates to methods for use in the manufacture of shoesand is illustrated herein with reference to shoes having outsoles whichextend only a short distance rearwardly of the heel breast lines of theshoes.

Outsoles of the type referred to are frequently attached to the shoes bypyroxylin cement in a sole attaching press, the cement being firstapplied to the outsole and overlasted shoe upper 1 and allowed to dry.Just before the sole attaching pressure is applied the cement isactivated by a solvent to put it in condition for sticking the sole tothe shoe bottom. Since outsoles of the present type do not overlap 15the entire heel seat portion of the shoe bottom it is especiallydifficult, particularly in presses having no sole and shoe positioningmechanism, to position the sole and shoe relatively to each other in thepress after the solvent has been applied.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method ofmaking shoes which may be practised by hand or with the aid of a machineof the type disclosed herein.

2.; To the accomplishment of this object the invention provides inaccordance with one feature an improved method of making shoes havingshort outsoles of the type referred to which comprises locating afastening member between 3 an outsole and a shoe bottom, positioning theoutsole and shoe relatively to each other, and while maintaining them insuch positions, pressing the fastening member into fastening engagementwith the outsole and shoe thereby to establish the relative positions ofthe outsole and shoe so that they may, if desired, be moved relativelyto each other prior to the attach ment of the outsole without losingsuch positions. The method further provides in the case 4 of shoeshaving cement attached outsoles for activating sole attaching cement onthe outsole and shoe bottom by raising the outsole with the aid of thefastening member to apply solvent to the cement and for returning theoutsole to its 45 established position so that sole attaching pres suremay be applied to attach the outsole permanently to the shoe bottom.

With the above and other objects and features in view, the inventionwill now be described in connection with the accompanying drawings andwill thereafter be pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a machine with the aid of which thepresent invention may be prac- CJI (Cl. lib-M2) tised, parts of themachine being broken away and a sole and shoe being shown as mountedtherein;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine with its operatinginstrumentalities shown in their operative positions by full lines andin their inoperative positions by broken lines;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view similar to Fig.

2 but with upper portions of the mechanism removed; Fig. 4 is anenlarged detail View, partly in section, of the sole positioning gage ofthe machine;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation, partly in section, of the sole and shoepositioning gages of the machine with the shoe gages positioning theshoe;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 after the sole gage has positioned asole on the shoe and the driver of the machine has been operated; 29

Fig. 7 is an enlarged transverse sectional View taken on the line VIIVIIof Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a detail View partly in section of a portion of the driveroperating mechanism of the machine;

Fig. 9 is a bottom plan view, partly in section, illustrating the rearends of the shoe gages and the mechanism for operating the gages as seenfrom below;

Fig. 10 is a perspective View of a hinged fas- 3 tening member which isutilized with the present machine in practising the invention;

Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the outsole raised by an operatorfrom the shoe bottom with the aid of the hingedmember to permit theoperator to apply solvent to cement on the outsole and shoe bottom;

Fig. 12 shows the sole and shoe mounted in a sole attaching press inwhich the outsole may be cement attached to the shoe bottom; and

Fig. 13 is an enlarged side elevation, partly in section, of the heelportion of the shoe after a heel adapted to interengage when the rearportion of the outsole has been attached to the shoe.

The present machine, which is especially adapted for practising themethod disclosed herein, comprises a horizontal base 20 upon which issecured by screws 22 a supporting plate 24. Near its forward orright-hand end, as viewed in Fig. 1, the supporting plate 24 has securedthereto a transverse guide plate 26 secured by screws 28. ExtendingVertically through slots in the base 20 and the plates 24, 25 is a bar30 the upper end of which is enlarged and provided with a wedge-shapedguideway 32 extending widthwise of the plate 2d. Mounted for slidingmovement in the guideway 32 is a slide member 34 provided with aT-shaped guideway 36 extending longitudinally of the machine or at rightangles to the guideway 32. Slidably mounted in the guideway 36 is asecond slide member 38 which carries a last pin 58 arranged to entersomewhat loosely a thimble 42 which forms the hole in the heel end of alast 44, as shown in Fig. 1. The arrangement of the last support is suchthat the last pin ill may be adjusted longitudinally for lasts ofdifferent lengths and also transversely of the machine for lasts forright and left shoes, the friction between the parts serving to maintainthem in adjusted position.

At its lower end the bar 30 is pivotally connected by a pin 46 to earsd8 formed on the upper end of a threaded rod 50. Secured by screws 52 tothe under side of the base 20 is a U-shaped bracket 54 which extendsdownwardly at opposite sides of the bar 38 and has a cross portion 56through which the rod 50 is threaded. By this means the last support 38,49 may be adjusted into diiferent heightwise positions for lasts ofdifferent sizes, a pair of nuts 58 being threaded on the rod 5!: tosecure it in adjusted position.

Pivoted on a stud screw 5E], vertically mounted in the plates 20, 2forwardly of the last support 38, is a curved arm 62 having a horizontalportion projecting outwardly beyond the plate 24. Adjustably mounted onthe horizontal arm 62 is a toe rest 64 which is secured to the arm by aset screw 65 and has an upper end shaped to engage the toe portion of ashoe, as shown in Fig. 1. The arm 62 may be swung about the verticalscrew 6?] into any desired lateral position relatively to the supportingplate 24 and, consequently, may be positioned to engage the toe ends ofeither right or left shoes. For operating on shoes of different lengthsthe toe rest may be adjusted along the arm 52 and secured in position bythe set screw 68.

It is desired that the shoes and soles which are to be relativelypositioned by the illustrated machine be located in a predeterminedposition lengthwise of the machine in order that the shoe and solepositioning mechanism may operate properly thereon and also in orderthat mechanism with which the machine is provided for forcing orpressing a fastening into. the sole and shoe will be located in aposition to engage the fastening. To insure that each last which ismounted on the heel pin M1 and toe rest 6 will be located in apredetermined lengthwise position in the machine irrespective of thelength of the last, an abutment E8 is provided for engaging the heel endof the last, the abutment being carried on the end of an upwardly curvedarm 'Hl formed on a substantially horizontal plate l2 which, in turn, ispivotally mounted on a pin W- for swinging movement lengthwise of themachine, the pin '54 being carried in upstanding ears on a pair ofbrackets 16 secured by screws 18 to the supporting plate 24. The plate'52 is urged normally in a counterclockwise direction about the pivot Mby a compression spring mounted between the forward end of the plate '32and the supporting plate 24, the limit of swinging movement of the plate12 being controlled by a stop screw 82 threaded into the rear end of theplate and engaging the plate 2%. Accordingly, the longitudinal positionof the heel abutment 68 may be varied at will by adjusting the stopscrew 82.

Secured to the supporting plate 2K5 by screws 86 is an upstandingbracket 84 which straddles the pivoted plate l2 and, at its upper end,is provided with two arms 88 (Figs. 1 and 9) having horizontalprojections 99 formed thereon. Secured by screws $2 to the projections80 is a plate 9 1 of substantial thickness which extends rearwardly ofthe bracket 88 for a considerable distance. At its rear end the plate Gl is supported by a strap 96 secured thereto by screws 98 (Figs. 1 and9) and secured at its lower end to the plate 24' by screws lilo. Mountedfor pivotal movement on the plate as somewhat rearwardly of the bracket84 is a bracket I92 having a circular base portion tilt provided with acylindrical projection m8 (Fig. 1) extending downwardly therefrom, theprojection Hi6 extending through a hole formed in the plate 94 and beingrotatable in the hole. The bracket W2 is maintained on the plate 9 by ascrew lid threaded into the cylindrical projection Hi6, this screw alsoholding against the end of the projection lGS, but on the lower side ofthe plate 534, a cam member HZ (Figs. 1 and 9). The arrangement of theseparts is such that the cam member is fastened by the screw Hi9 rigidlyagainst the projection I86 but is rotatable with the bracket W2relatively to the plate 94-.

The bracket 32 has a forwardly projecting horizontal arm H4 which isenlarged at its forward end i It and is provided with a vertical slot H8closed by a cover plate lZ'El. Mounted for reciprocating movement in theslot H8 is a bar member I22 which is slotted at its intermediate portionto receive a compression spring i2 5 for normally maintaining the bar atthe upper limit of its vertical movement, the spring bearing at itsupper end against the bar and at its lower end bearing against aprojection E28 extending into the opening in the bar from the endportion MB of the arm H5. The upper limit of the movement of the bar isdetermined by the latter abutting against the projection !2-3. The barI22 forms means for pressing or driving the fastening member referred tointo the outsole and shoe bottom.

The bracket tea is provided with two upstanding ears I23 between whichis pivotally mounted on a pin 39 a lever The lever E32 has a forwardlyprojecting arm carrying a roll E34 mounted on a pin i255 and arranged toengage the upper end of the bar or driver member I22 and depress itagainst the spring 524 to force the fastening member into the shoe andsole, as will be later described. The lever E32 has a rearwardlyextending arm I38 provided on its end with a roll M6 pivoted on a pin:42. The weight of the arm IE8 is sufiicient normally to maintain thedriving lever in an inoperative position with the roll 632 located abovethe end ofthe driver bar lEZ, as shown in 1, this position beingmaintained by stop screw M l mounted in the bracket l 02.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the bracket I02, the cam N2, thedriver bar M2, and the lever H32 may all be swung relatively to thehorizontal plate 9 about the axis of the cylindrical projection Hi6.This mechanism. is swung from an inoperative position shown in brokenlines in Fig. 2 to an operative position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, thislatter position being determined by a step 548 mounted in the plate 94.When the driver bar, driving lever, and associated mechanism are locatedin the position shown in Fig. 1, the lever is in position to be operatedupon by mechanism arranged to engage the roll I Ili and swing the leverI32 about its I pivot I22 to actuate the bar I22.

The mechanism for actuating the lever I32 comprises an upstanding plateor bar I50 extending through slots in the plates 20, 24 and 94 andprovided at its upper end with a horizontal surface I52 (Fig. 8) forengaging the roll I42. A shoulder I52 is provided on the surface I52 bya projection 556 to insure that the bar I50 will not act upon the rollI42 unless the latter has been swung fully into operative positionagainst the stop Mil. The projection I55 on the bar IE5] is arranged toengage the plate 94 and thus determine the lower position of the bar. Atits lower end the bar I59 is pivotally connected by a pin I58 to atreadle rod I60 the lower end of which is connected by a pin I62 to atreadle I54 pivoted on a pin Hi6 mounted in a treadle support V58.Depression of the treadle I64 elevates the bar I52 to bring the surfaceI52 into engagement with the roll I-Ill thereby rotating the lever I32and causing the member I22 to descend and drive the fastening memberinto the sole and shoe bottom. The weight of the parts I50, I60 normallymaintains the treadle ltd in its elevated position.

The horizontal plate M is provided on its upper side with a slot I'Iil(Figs. 1 and 2) which extends lengthwise of the plate and in which ismounted for movement toward and from the shoe a slide I'I2. Adjacent toits rear end the slide I'I2 has pivotally connected to it by a screw INa rod Illi which extends upwardly at an angle and at its upper end issecured to the pivot pin I39. Consequently, when the bracket I02 and itsassociated mechanism, including the lever I32, are swung about the axisof the projection I26 from its inoperative to its operative position,the slide In is moved positively toward the shoe and, when the bracket I22 is swung in the opposite direction, the slide Il2 is moved positivelyaway from the shoe. At its forward end the slide II2 has adjustablysecured to it by slot and screw arrangements I W (Figs 3 and l) a.horizontal plate I 8!) to the forward end of which is pivoted by a pinI22 a sole gage I84. As best shown in Figs. 3 to 6, inclusive, the solegage IE4 is provided with two forwardly projecting ears I adapted toenter correspondng slots 252 (Fig. 11) formed in the rear portion of ashort outsole A, that is, a sole which terminates a short distancerearwardly of the heel breast line of the shoe. The upper portion of thesole gage I84 comprises a substantially horizontal plate arranged toextend over the rear portion of the sole engaged by the underlyingprojections Iflli and thereby to prevent the sole from lifting out ofengagement with the projections. Secured by a screw I88 (Fig. l) to asolid portion of the bracket 84 is a wire spring Illil which extendsforwardly through an opening in the bracket and has a curled endarranged to engage the sole gage I84 when the slide I12 is retractedfrom the shoe and to hold the gage in an upwardly inclined position, asshown in Fig. 5. When the slide I12 is moved forwardly into itsoperative position, the spring Hill is depressed by the slide to permitthe gage to swing downwardly against the shoe bottom, thereby locatingthe projections I86 in a position in which the slots 252 in the outsoleA may be brought into engagement therewith and thereby locate theoutsole relatively to the shoe bottom. Before the outsole is placed onthe shoe bottom in the posirelatively to the projection tion determinedby the shoe gage I84, the shoe itself is positioned transversely of themachine on the shoe supporting member 40 and the toe rest 64, it beingunderstood that while these members support the shoe in substantiallythe proper position for receiving the sole, they do not position it inexactly the desired position relatively to the sole because theadjustments for right and left shoes have been manual adjustments whichare not accurate and also because the last pin 46 is preferably somewhatloose in the last thimble 42 so that the last itself is capable of somelateral or tipping movement relatively to the pin to enable the heel endof the shoe to be brought into proper alinement with the rear portion ofthe outsole.

The mechanism for positioning the rear portion of the shoe B on thesupporting members 4!] and 64 comprises a pair of gages I92 (Figs. 1, 3and 9) pivoted for equal and opposite movement toward and away from theshoe on screws I94 secured to the under side of the plate 24. Rearwardlyof the pivots I94 the gages I92 have arms I96 between which extends atension. spring I98 secured to each arm by a pin 22!) and tendingnormally to hold the forward ends of the gages I92 in their open orretracted position. The arms I25 have curved inner surfaces 202 formedthereon which are arranged to be engaged by a wedge shaped portion 204on the forward end of a slide 226 which is mounted for reciprocatingmovement toward and from the shoe in a slot 203 (Fig 9) formed in theunder side of the plate 94, the slide 226 being retained in the slot bythe cam H2 and by a T-shaped guideway 202 provided by a pair of gibs 2H1secured by screws 2 I2 to the lower surface of the plate 94. Anelongated slot 2II is formed in the slide 288 to permit it to move I06which passes through the slot in the slide. provided with a. downwardlyextending projection 2 l4 and, secured in a hole in this projection. bya pin 2H5, is a horizontal rod 288 which extends rearwardly and passesthrough a hole in a projection 22! extending downwardly from the lowersurface of a second slide 222 mounted for sliding movement in theguideway 269. Surrounding the rod ZIB between the projections 2M and 220is a compression spring 224, as shown in Fig. 9. The

slide 222 is connected by a rod 226 to the cam I52. The cam H2 isprovided adjacent to the projection 294 with a cam surface 228 which iseccentric relatively to the axis of the cylindrical projection I85 ofthe bracket I02.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that when the bracket Hi2carrying the driver I22 is swung about the axis of the projection I06from its inoperative to its operative position shown in Figs. 1 and 12.the cam H2 will be rotated in a clockwise direction. as viewed frombelow (Fig. 9), and the rod 226 will move the slide 222 forwardly towardthe shoe. Consequently. the slide 222 will, through the yieldingconnections described above, move the slide 286 forwardly toward theshoe to cause the wedge shaped portion 2% to engage the curved surfaces202 on. the shoe I92 and separate the rear arms of the gages against theaction of the spring I to cause the forward portions I92 to move equaldistances toward the opposite sides of the shoe. The construction issuch that if one gage 522 should engage the shoe before the oppositegage it will tend to move the shoe into a more centralized positionuntil the opposite gage, which is likewise moving toward the shoe, en-

The slide 206 is of sets of prongs 238 and 240 gages the opposite sideof the shoe. This action, however, is a yielding action due to theyieldable connections between the slides and, accordingly, the mechanismwill yield unless the heel portion of the shoe is permitted by itssupporting mechanism to move readily into the position determined by theshoe gages. If the shoe is not initially in a central position theoperator can readily adjust the heel portion of the shoe transversely bymeans of the slot 32 to locate the shoe sufficiently close to its propertransverse position so that the shoe gages will engage both sides of theshoe and thereby position the shoe relatively to the operatinginstrumentalities. Reverse movement of the cam H2 through the rotationof the bracket I02 into its inoperative position moves the rod 226 andthe slide 222 positively into its rearward or inoperative position,thereby permitting the spring 224 to expand. Since, however, theconnections between the slide 222 and the forward slide 206 are notpositive, this forward slide is not moved positively into its retractedposition to permit the shoe gages to move outwardly away from the shoe.This movement is eifected by the eccentric surface 228 on the cam II2which is so positioned that it will engage the abutment 2I4 duringreverse rotation of the cam and move it positively against the spring224 into its rearward position, thereby permitting the gages to be movedaway from the shoe by the spring I98. As illustrated in Fig. 3, the shoegages I92 are provided on their shoe engaging ends with pads 230, whichmay be of leather, felt or similar material, to prevent the gages fromscarring the shoe upper.

In practising the method of making shoes illustrated herein with the aidof the present machine, a fastening member 232 is provided forestablishing the relative positions of the sole and shoe after they havebeen relatively positioned by the machine. This fastening member, asbest shown in Fig. 10, comprises a hinge member similar to a pair ofsugar tongs and having forwardly projecting legs 234, 236 the forwardends of which are provided with a plurality which are spaced from eachother and arranged to be pressed or driven respectively into the outsoleA and the bottom of the shoe B between which the hinge member is mountedbefore the shoe is placed in the machine. The fastening or hinge member232 is preferably made of thin resilient material such as metal which isbent over upon itself to form the legs of the hinge. Adjacent to itsrearward end the hinge member is provided with another set of prongs 242whereby it may be readily secured to the heel seat portion of the shoebottom. As shown in the drawings, the prongs on the hinge member may beconveniently formed by stamping them out of the metal and turning themin the proper direction away from the legs of the hinge. Preferably theprongs of each pair diverge slightly from each other to cause them tobecome further bent when they are driven into the work and thereby tobecome locked or clinched in the work.

The operator positions the hinge 232 with the rear prongs 242 extendingtoward the insole of the shoe B at its heel seat portion, the insole.being designated in the drawings by the numeral 244. The overlastedmarginal portions of the shoe upper B will, at this time, have beencoated with cement 246, such, for example, as pyroxylin cement as shownin Fig. 11, and the marginal portion of the attaching surface of theoutsole A will likewise have been coated with cement 248, the cement onthese parts having been allowed to dry in the usual manner. After theoperator has properly positioned the hinge 232 so that the forwardlyprojecting legs 234, 236 extend forwardly in overlapping relation to ametal shank piece or stiffener 249 on the shoe bottom, he presses ordrives the rear prongs 242 into the insole thereby securing the hinge inproper position on the shoe bottom. It will be observed in Fig. 11 thatthe prongs 240 on the lower leg 236 of the hinge are spaced far enoughapart widthwise of the shoe so that they will not engage the metal shankpiece 249 but will preferably be in positions to engage the innerportions of the overlasted margin of the shoe upper.

The operator mounts the shoe on the last pin 48 and toe rest 64, asdescribed above, and adjusts the shoe supporting members manually untilhe has located them as closely as he can in the proper positions for theshoe being operated upon. The last and shoe will be capable of somefurther lateral adjustment because of the slide 34 and the loose fit ofthe last pin 4!] in the last thimble 42 to permit the shoe gages tocentralize the shoe exactly with the sole which is to be locatedthereon. The operator also adjusts the heel abutment 68, if necessary,to position the shoe longitudinally. He next places the short outsole A,provided at its rear end with the two slots 250 (Fig. 11) upon thebottom of the shoe and in approximately the proper position relativelythereto and, while holding the outsole in such position, he swings thebracket I02 and the associated mechanism, including the driver I22 andthe driving lever I 32 from the position shown in broken lines in Fig.2, to the position shown in Fig. 1. This action moves the sole gage I84forwardly over the heel seat portion of the shoe and into such positionthat the projections I86 thereon may be readily brought into engagementwith the corresponding slots 25!] in the outsole. The rear portion ofthe outsole B having been thus located laterally and longitudinally ofthe shoe bottom, the operator can readily shift the forepart of theoutsole by hand until it is properly located widthwise of the shoebottom.

While the sole gage I84 is moving into operative position, the shoegages I92 are also moving yieldingly into engagement with the oppositesides of the heel portion of the shoe, this action being accomplished,as described above, by rotation of the cam I I2 whereby the slide 222 ismoved forwardly toward the shoe to actuate the forward slide 206yieldingly through the spring 224 and thus to cause the wedge 224 on thelatter slide to separate the rear arms of the shoe gages I92 and bringtheir forward ends into engagement with the shoe. The sole and shoehaving been properly positioned relatively to each other, the operatordepresses the treadle N54 to actuate the lever I32 and to cause thedriver member I22 to descend against the outsole A and press or drivethe prongs 238 and 243 on the opposite arms of the hinge 232 into theoutsole and the insole 244, respectively, thereby establishing therelative positions of the rear portions of the sole and shoe widthwiseand longitudinally while the sole and shoe are held in such positions bythe gage members I34 and I92.

The operator then removes the sole and shoe from the machine and, asshown in Fig. 11, raises the outsole away from the shoe bottom and, by abrush 252 or similar implement, applies solvent to the cement on theinner surface of the outsole A and, if desired, to that on the shoebottom. As will be seen from Fig. 11, this operation may be easilyaccomplished with the aid of the hinge member 232 without losing thepreviously established positions of the sole and shoe. After the solventhas been applied to activate the cement the outsole A is returned to itsformer po sition on the shoe bottom and the sole and shoe aremounted ina sole attaching press (Fig. 12) in which sole attaching pressure may beapplied to attach the outsole permanently to the shoe bottom. As shownin Fig. 12, the sole attaching press may be of any usual type providedwith last and shoe engaging abutrnents Ziial and a flexible bag or padwhich may be inflated through a pipe 2%32 to cause the sole attachingpressure to be applied. It will be noted that the sole attaching pressneed not be provided with sole and shoe positioning mechanism becausethe rear portions of the sole and shoe have already been properlypositioned relatively to each other and, as indicated above, when thesepositions have once been established by the inem ber they are maintainedwithout further care on the part of the operator. in placing the soleand shoe on the pad of the sole attaching press the operator willposition the forepart of the-sole widthwise of the shoe bottom by handif it is not already located in proper position.

After the outsole has been permanently attached to the shoe bottom, theheel seat portion of the shoe may be prepared for the attachment of aheel in the usual manner by the application of filler material (Fig. 13)and a heel 12% may be attached either by cement alone or, if desired, bycement and additional fastenings such as screws or heel attaching nails.As shown in Fig. 13, the heel is preferably a previously covered heelprovided at the upper portion of its breast with a transverse groove itsadapted to receive the rear portion of the short outsole A and concealthe slots (hill and also provide a tight joint between the heel and theoutsole. The heel also has a forwardly projecting lip Elli which isarranged to overlie the rear portion of the out sole, as shown in 13.The hinge member will, of course, remain in the shoe bottom but sincethe prongs are not long enough. to extend completely through either theoutsole or the insole that is no detriment to the shoe. Moreover, sincethe intermediate portion of the hinge member overlies the rear portionof the outsole it helps to prevent the central part of this rear portionfrom being stuck to the shoe bottom. so that it will be free to receivethe lip E'ld of the heel 2%.

The hinge member is not claimed herein because it forms thesubject-matter of a divisional application Serial No. 323,151, filedMarch 9, 1940, in my name. Likewise, the machine per se is not claimedherein because it constitutes the subject-matter of a divisionalapplication Serial No. 327,881, filed April 4, 1940, in my name.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Pa eht of the United States is:

1. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises placing ahinged fastening member between a sole and a shoe bottom, positioningthe sole and shoe relatively to each other, and applying pressure to thesole and shoe to cause the hinged fastening member to pens-- trate intothe sole and shoe bottom and thereby establish the relative positions ofthe sole and shoe while permitting relative movement thereof out of saidpositions.

2. That improvement in methods or" making shoes which comprises locatingbetween the rear portions of a sole and a shoe bottom a fastening memberadapted to permit the sole to be moved away from the shoe bottom,positioning the sole and shoe relatively to each other, and, whilemaintaining the relative positions of the sole and shoe, applyingpressure thereto to cause the fastening member to penetrate into thesole and shoe bottom and thereby establish said relative positions priorto the direct attachment of the sole to the shoe while permitting thesole to be moved away from the shoe bottom without losing said relativepositions.

3. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises placing ahinge member provided with oppositely extending prongs between anoutsole and a shoe bottom', securing the hinge member to the shoebottom, positioning the outsole and the shoe relatively to each other,and applying pressure to the outsole and shoe to force the prongs on thehinge member into the outsole and and shoe bottom respectively, therebyestablishing the relative positions of the outsole and shoe so that theymay be moved relatively to each other before the permanent attachment ofthe outsole to the shoe without losing said established positions.

i. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises securingto the rear portion of a shoe bottom a hinge member provided withforwardly projecting legs having prongs thereon, placing on the shoebottom a short outsole the rear portion of which overlies the prongs onthe hinge member, positioning the outsole and shoe relatively to eachother, and pressing the prongs on the hinge member into the outsole andshoe bottom respectively, thereby establishing the relative positions ofthe outsole and shoe and permitting relative movement of said outsoleand shoe without losing said relative positions.

5. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises securingto the rear portion of a shoe bottom a hinge member having forwardlyextending legs with prongs thereon, placing on the shoe bottom a shortoutsole having cement on its inner surface, the rear portion of saidoutsole overlying the legs of the hinge member, positioning the outsoleand shoe relatively to each other, forcing the prongs on the hingemember into the outsole and shoe bottom respectively while said outsoleand shoe are maintained in proper relative position thereby establishingsuch positions, raising the outsole with the aid of the hinge member andapplying solvent to the cement on said outsole thereby activating thecement, returning the outsole to its previously established position onthe shoe bottom, and applying pressure to the outsole and shoe until thecement has set, thereby permanently attaching the outsole to the shoebottom.

6. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises securingto the heel seat portion of a previously cemented shoe bottom a hingemember having legs with oppositely projecting prongs on their forwardends, mounting on the shoe bottom a short outsole terminating a shortdistance rearwardly of the heel breast line of the shoe and havingcement on its inner surface, the rear portion of said outsole overlyingthe prongs on the legs of said hinge member, positioning the rearportions of the outsole and shoe relatively to each other, driving theprongs on the legs of said hinge member into the outsole and shoe bottomrespectively while said outsole and shoe are held in their relativepositions, thereby securing the legs of the hinge member to the outsoleand shoe and establishing their positions relatively to each other,raising the outsole away from the shoe bottom with the aid of said hingemember, applying solvent to the cement on the outsole to activate saidcement, returning the outsole to its previously established position onthe shoe bottom, positioning the foreparts of the outsole and shoebottom widthwise, applying pressure to the outsole and shoe to attachthe outsole permanently to the shoe bottom, and attaching a heel to theshoe adapted to interengage with the rear portion of the short outsole.

'7. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprisesproviding an outsole which terminates in a straight edge face a shortdistance rearwardly of the heel breast line of a shoe and has a notch insaid edge face, placing a fastening member between the outsole and thebottom of a shoe to which the outsole is to be attached, said fasteningmember having oppositely extending prongs thereon arranged to penetrateinto the outsole and shoe bottom, positioning the outsole relatively tothe shoe bottom by engaging said notch and the opposite sides of theshoe, applying pressure to the shoe and outsole while thus positioned toforce said prongs to penetrate into the shoe bottom and the outsole andthereby establish the relative positions of said outsole and shoe sothat they may be re-established without again engaging said notch andthe opposite sides of the shoe, and, after releasing said engagementswith the outsole and shoe, cement attaching the outsole to the shoe byapplying pressure thereto.

8. That improvement in methods of making shoes which comprises providingan outsole which extends only a short distance rearwardly of the heelbreast line of a shoe and has a straight rear edge face with a pluralityof notches therein, applying cement to the attaching surface of saidoutsole, securing to the heel seat portion of a shoe bottom a hingedfastening member having forwardly extending legs with oppositelyprojecting prongs on their forward ends arranged to penetrate into theoutsole and the shoe bottom, placing the outsole on the shoe bottom withthe rear portion of the outsole'overlapping the forward ends of the legsof said fastening member, positioning the outsole and shoe relatively toeach other by engaging the opposite sides of the shoe and the notches inthe rear edge face of the outsole, applying pressure to the outsole andshoe while they are maintained in such positions to cause the prongs onsaid fastening member to penetrate into the rear portion of the outsoleand the shoe bottom respectively, thereby establishing their relativepositions prior to the attachment of the outsole to the shoe andenabling said positions to be re-established without again engaging theshoe and the notches in the outsole, releasing the engagements with theoutsole and shoe and activating the cement on the outsole after liftingthe outsole away from the shoe bottom with the aid of the hingedfastening member, returning the outsole to its pre-established positionon the shoe bottom by means of said fastening member, Y

NAPOLEON A. MONFILS.

